The first official 1.0 version was released on 29 February 2000. R officially became a GNU project on 5 December 1997 when version 0.60 released. Mailing lists for the R project began on 1 April 1997 preceding the release of version 0.50. In June 1995, statistician Martin Mächler convinced Ihaka and Gentleman to make R free and open-source under the GNU General Public License. Ihaka and Gentleman first shared binaries of R on the data archive StatLib and the s-news mailing list in August 1993. The name of the language, R, comes from being both an S language successor as well as the shared first letter of the authors, Ross and Robert. The language took heavy inspiration from the S programming language, with most S programs able to run unaltered in R, as well as from Scheme's lexical scoping, allowing for local variables. R was started by professors Ross Ihaka and Robert Gentleman as a programming language to teach introductory statistics at the University of Auckland.
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